Indian History

Guru Tegh Bahadur was the ninth Guru of the Sikh religion. He was beheaded on the orders of the sixth Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb on 24 November 1675 in Delhi. Born to Guru Hargobind and Mata Nanaki on 1 April 1621 in Amritsar Guru Tegh Bahadur was named Tyaga Mal at birth. Guru Hargobind was the sixth Sikh Guru. Guru Tegh Bahadur was trained in martial arts, swordsmanship and horse riding. He was married to Gujari in 1633. Guru Tegh Bahadur travelled far and wide visiting many places in northern India and also Assam and Dhaka, preaching the word of Guru Nanak. Guru Tegh Bahadur founded the city of Anandpur Sahib in Punjab in 1665. Gurdwara Sis Ganj Sahib at Chandni Chowk in Delhi was built in 1783 at the place where he was beheaded. Guru Tegh Bahadur’s young son Gobind, who was only nine when his father was killed, became the tenth and the last Sikh Guru.  

United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO ) has added Gujarat's traditional Garba dance to its ' Representative List of Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity. ' The inclusion of Garba now makes it India’s 15th inscription on the List. India had nominated Garba for inclusion in the list. Garba is performed across Gujarat and in many other parts of the country for nine days during the festival of Navaratri . The festival is dedicated to the worship of the feminine energy or Shakti.  The inclusion was made under the 2003 Convention for the Safeguarding of Intangible Cultural Heritage during the 18th meeting of the Intergovernmental Committee for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage on Tuesday. The meeting is taking place began in Kasane, Botswana from 5 to 9 December 2023. Apart from ‘Garba of Gujarat,’ some of the new inscriptions include Rickshaws and Rickshaw painting in Dhaka from Bangladesh , Songkran in Thailand , tr

This year the 525th birth anniversary of Sant Mirabai is being celebrated. Mirabai (also spelt as Meerabai) was a Rajput princess who was one of the greatest saints of the Krishna cult of Vaishnavism in 16th century India.  Mirabai was the only child of Ratna Singh Rathor of Merta in Rajasthan.  She was born at the village of Kudki (now  in the Pali district) in AD 1498. In 1516, she was married to Bhoraj, eldest son of Rana Sanga, the ruler of Mewar with its capital at Chittor. Bhoraj was heir-apparent to Mewar but he died in 1526.   Mirabai was highly religious from her childhood. Like her grandfather Dudaji and father she was a devotee of Krishna. After her husband’s death she completely addressed herself to the devotion of Krishna. She patronized learned men. Devotees who were drawn from both sexes making a beeline to Mirabai. Consequently, her fame spread far and wide. However, Mirabai’s religious activities were resented by her in-laws who took exception to the fact that a roya

Birsa Munda was born in Jharkhand on 15th November 1875 into a Munda family. His parents were Sugana Munda and Karmi Hatu. His place of birth is Ulihatu, a village in the Khunti district in Jharkhand. Birsa converted into a Christian to receive education from the German Mission School . In 1894, Birsa declared his opposition to the British and the Dikus (outsiders) and thus began the Munda Ulgulan .  Birsa also started his own religion and proclaimed he was god’s messenger. Many tribal people Mundas, Kharias and Oraons accepted him as their leader.  Birsa asked the tribal people to keep distance from the Christian missionaries and revert to their traditional ways. He also advocated for the non-payment of taxes. Birsa was arrested in 1895. Afterv coming from the jail after two years he he resumed his armed struggle by razing police stations, churches, government property and houses of Zamindars. He was arrested in  1900 from Jamkopai forest in Chakradharpur. He died on June 9th 1900 wh

Kozhikode in Kerala and Gwalior in Madhya Pradesh have been awarded the status of UNESCO City of Literature and City of Music respectivley, joining a club of 350 such cities around the world. These cities in more than a 100 countries represent seven creative fields: Crafts and Folk Art, Design, Film, Gastronomy, Literature, Media Arts, and Music.  On World Cities Day which falls on October 31, this year 55 cities have joined the UNESCO Creative Cities Network (UCCN).  Launched in 2004, the UNESCO Creative Cities Network is a network of creative cities working together towards a mission for cultural diversity and sustainable urban development.  Kozhikode is the first UNESCO City of Literature in India. Gwalior is the birthplace of great musician Tansen. The newly designated Creative Cities are invited to participate in the 2024 UCCN Annual Conference (July 1-5, 2024) in Braga, Portugal, under the theme "Bringing Youth to the Table for the Next Decade,

  Savitri / Image Credit Savitri was a legendry princess in Hinduism, renowned for the love she had for her husband. She was the daughter of the king of Madra, Ashvapati, and his wife Malati. As Savitri was very beautiful and radiant, this deterred prospective suitors from approaching her father and asking for her hands in marriage.  As a result Ashvapati asked his daughter to choose a person of her liking so that he could fulfill his obligation to marry her off.  Hence, Savitri set out to tour the country in her golden chariot in search of a suitable mate. She went though forests and cities, until she found Satyavant, son of Dyumatsena, the blind King of Shalwa, then in exile, living in poverty.  As luck would have it, Satyavant  was destined to die after one year from the marriage date. Savitri followed him when he was being carried away by the death-god Yama, and so impressed the god with her loyalty that he released her husband. 

Moth ki Masjid / Image Credit Located in the South Extension Part II area in Delhi, Moth ki Mosque is a Lodi era mosque commissioned by Miya Bhoiya, a minister during the reign of second Lodi Sultan Sikandar Lodi (ruled 1489–1517).  The nomenclature of the mosque derives from an interesting story describing how this temple came into being. The mosque is named after moth (beans), the good harvest of which stood the builder in good stead in getting the requisite finances for the construction of the mosque.