2024 Assembly Elections Results of Rania Assembly Constituency

     Contesting Candidates for Rania Assembly Elections 2024     

Party	Candidates	Votes Polled
INLD	Arjun Chautala	43,914
Congress	Sarva Mitra Kamboj	39,723
Independent	Ranjit Singh Chautala	36,401
BJP	Shishpal Kamboj	15,707

                                                                                                                    

Located in the district of Sirsa, Rania assembly constituency is currently being represented

by Arjun Chautala of the Indian National Lok Dal (INLD) who had defeated his nearest rival Sarva Mitra Kamboj of the Congress by a margin of 4191 votes.

 

2024 Assembly Elections Results of Nuh Assembly Constituency

       Contesting Candidates for Nuh Assembly Elections 2024     

Party	Candidates	Votes Polled
Congress	Aftab Ahmed	91,883
INLD	Tahir Hussain	44,870

Located in the district of Mewat, Nuh assembly seat is currently represented by Aftab Ahmed who had defeated his nearest rival Tahir Hussain of Indian National Lok Dal in 2024 Haryana Assembly elections by a margin of 46,963 votes.

Nuh is one of the nine assembly constituencies that unite to create the parliamentary constituency of Gurgoan. 

Son of former Haryana minister and Congress leader, Khurshid Ahmed, Aftab Ahmed had also won the seat 2009 and 2019.

Battle of Thirupurambiyam

Chola ruler Aditya I was the son of Vijayalaya who was a feudatory of the Pallava rulers. 

In 879 CE Aditya I joined a confederacy of Pallavas and Western Gangas to defeat the Pandyan ruler Varagunavarman II in the Battle of Sri Purambiyam or Thirupurambiyam  near Kumbakonam in the  Thanjavur district of Tamil Nadu. 

Varagunavarman II lost the battle though Western Ganga king Prithvipati I lost his life in the battle. The confederacy was led by the Pallava king Aparajita. 

Prithivipati I was buried in a pallipadai temple in the village of Thirupurambiyam. 

Not satisfied with remaining subordinate to the Pallava power, Aditya I now embarked on a campaign to altogether extinguish the Pallava power and killed its last ruler Aparajita in c. 897 CE, bringing the Pallava territory under the Chola dominions. 

Battle of Pullalur

The Battle of Pullalur was fought between Chalukya king Pulakesin II (Reigned 610-642)  and the Pallava king Mahendravarman I resulting in the victory of the former. The battle took place at Pullalur (now in the Kanchipuram district in Tamil Nadu) in about 618–19.

This was the beginning of the long-drawn-out struggle between the Pallavas and their sworn enemies the Chalukyas of Vatapi (early western Chalukyas), who ruled north of them. The struggle which became necessary for the mastery of south India, lingered through the generations.

Who won the Battle of Pullalur is in the realm of debate. Both sides claim victories.

It seems that though Pulakeshin II won the Battle of Pullalur was not decisive. 

Pulkesin II (Reigned 610-642), Greatest of The Chalukyas of Badami

Pulakesin II court  / Image Credit

Son of Kirtivarman, Pulkesin II is the greatest ruler of the Chalukya dynasty of Badami. Since Pulkesin II was too young to ascend the throne at the time of Kirtivarman’s death in 597-98, Mangalesa, brother of Kirtivarman, became the regent of the empire. However, when Pulkesin II came of age, Mangalesa refused to surrender the throne and tried to secure the throne for his own son. So there ensued a battle between Mangalesa and Pulkesin II who killed the former and proclaimed himself king in 609-10. 

Aihole Prasasti (Inscription), composed by Pulkesin II‘s court poet Ravikirti, gives a detailed account of his victories. He was a contemporary of North Indian emperor Harsha (Vardhana dynasty) whom he had defeated on the banks of the Narmada river in 618 AD- the only check in the northern ruler’s otherwise victorious career. Pulkesin II subjugated the Latas (Gujarat), Malavas and Gurjaras.  

Pulkesin II considerably extended the bounds of his realm. Leaving his younger brother Kubja Vishnuvardhana in charge of the capital he embarked on an extensive campaign of conquest of Southern Kosala, Kalinga in the eastern Deccan. (Vishnuvardhana was the founder of a separate dynasty known as Eastern Chalukya, also known as the Chalukyas of Vengi.) 

Pulkesin II subjugated Kadamabas by overthrowing their capital Banavasi and compelled Alupas of Southern Karnataka and the Gangas of Mysore to acknowledge his suzerainty. Mauryas of northern Konkan were also compelled to submission when he successfully attacked their capital Puri (on the island of Elephanta). 

During his reign the Battle of Pullalur was fought with the Pallava king Mahendravarman I who was defeated. The battle took place at Pullalur (now in the Kanchipuram district in Tamil Nadu) in about 618–19. This was the beginning of the long-drawn-out struggle between the Pallavas and their sworn enemies the Chalukyas. In 640 AD the battle of Maanimangala was fought between Pallava ruler Narasimhavarman I and Pulakesin II who suffered defeat. The Battle of Vatapi took place in 642 AD between Narasimhavarman I and Pulakesin II near Vatapi.  After the battle which resulted in the defeat and death of Pulakeshin II, Narasimhavarman I took the title of Vatapikonda (Conqueror of Vatapi).

These were the days of crisis for Chalukyan kingdom. The feudatories began to declare independence and the matter was made worse by the dissensions among the sons of the Pulkeshin II. 

 

Ahmad Sirhindi: Sufi Saint of the Naqashbandi order

Tomb of Ahmad Sirhindi, Sirhind / Image Credit.jpg

Ahmad Sirhindi was a religious teacher who disapproved of religious syncretism of Mughal emperor Akbar. Known for his orthodoxy and anti-Shia views, he was opposed to the Akbar’s religious views. He had hailed the assassination of Guru Arjan Dev, the fifth Sikh Guru, who was executed by orders of fourth Mughal Emperor Jahangir, who ruled from 1605 to 1627. Guru Arjan Dev was charged with treason because he had given shelter to Prince Khusrau at Tarn Taran, who had rebelled against his father Jahangir for the Mughal throne. 

Sheikh Ahmad Sirhindi was born in the 16th century at Sirhind (currently in the Patiala district of the Punjab).  

Maulana Abul Kalam Azad, the first education minister of free India, eulogised Sirhindi as the defender of Islam  and criticised Akbar’s religious policy.

Sirhindi  was sent by Jahangir to the fort of Gwalior for a brief period of imprisonment.

Shaikh Ahmad Sirhindi was the most prominent saint of Naqshbandi Sufi order. Also known as Mujaddid Alif, Shaikh Ahmed Sirhindi died in 1624 at Sarhind in Punjab.

Yashovarman of Kannauj

Coins of Yashovarman

Nothing much is known about the events in Kanyakubja from the death of emperor Harshavardhana in 647 AD up to the rise of the Yashovarman who in the eighth century had established an empire at Kanyakubja which for a while controlled much of the North India. After Harsha's death there was a great confusion due to the absence of his heirs. 

After Harsha's death Kanyakubja came for a short period under the hands of an usurper, Arunasva who attacked Wang Hstian-tse who had come to the court of Harsha as ambassador of the Chinese emperor Tai-tsung. However, Wang Hstian-tse, with the help of an army from Tibet, Nepal and Assam, succeeded in capturing Arunasva who was taken back to China to spend his days in attendance on the Tang Emperor. 

The city of Kanyakubja, modern Kannauj, was the largest and most prosperous city of Northern India and its cultural centre till the coming of the Muslims.

The exploits of Yashovarman have been documented in the Prakrit poem Gaudavaho (Slaying of the king of Gauda) written by Vakpati who was his court poet. In this work the poet has described the slaying of the king of Bengal by Yashovarman. While Jaina texts Prabhavakacarita, written by Prabhācandra, Prabandha Kosha (written by Rajashekhara Suri) and Bappabhattisuricarita have referred to Yashovarman in glowing terms,  the Kashmiri poet Kalhana,  in his magnum opus Rajatarangini, has described him as a ruler who was among those defeated by Lalitaditya Muktapida (724-760) of the Karkota dynasty in Kashmir. 

British archaeologist Alexander Cunningham  believed Yashovarman to be connected to the Maukharis who rose to prominence in the 6th century AD and first gave importance to the city of Kanyakubja. 

According to V A Smith, extended the dominions of his empire. However he had to play subservient to Lalitaditya Muktapida.   

According to the Nalanda stone inscription, Yasovarman is referred to as the Lokpala, guardian of the world. It describes Yasovarman as the one "who has risen after placing his foot on the heads of all the kings and has completely removed the terrific darkness in the form of all his foes by the diffusion of the rays of his sword and who shines as the refulgent sun in all quarters for awakening the lotus representing the whole earth."

Yasovarman had established relations with China. He had sent Buddhist monk Buddhasena to the Chinese court.  

The rapid rise of Yashovarman was accompanied by the rapid decline of his empire.