Indian History

1884 - Death of Keshab Chandra Sen , an Indian philosopher and social reformer, on 8th January, 1884. He was a member of the Brahmo Samaj, founded in 1828 by social reformer Ram Mohun Ray. The first schism in the Brahmo Samaj raised its head in 1866 when Debendranath Tagore, one of the founding members of the Brahmo movement, and Keshub Chandra Sen parted ways on the issue of integrating elements of Christianity, advocated by the latter. On November 11, 1866 the Brahmo community in Calcutta broke up, with Keshub Chandra Sen establishing his own breakaway " Bharatvarshiya Brahmo Samaj" ( Brahmo Samaj of India ). The branch led by Debendranath Tagore came to be called as Adi Brahmo Samaj. Keshub Chandra Sen wrote articles for a journal named Indian Mirror which was started in 1861. In 1867, he helped Atmaram Pandurang establish the Prarthana Samaj in Bombay. Keshav Chandra Sen also established the Indian Reform Association. Keshub Chandra Sen : A Biography Born to a...

  1738   -    Peshwa Bajirao   and Nizam of Hyderabad signed a peace treaty on January 7, 1738 following the Maratha triumph at the Battle of Bhopal which was fought on 24 December 1737.  The Battle of Bhopal took place in Doraha near Bhopal between the Maratha Confederacy and the combined armies of the Mughal chiefs, Nizam-ul-Mulk(Asaf Jah I, first Nizam of Hyderabad), Rajput kingdoms and the Oudh State.

1842-  Retreat of the British and East India Company forces from Kabul during the First Anglo-Afghan War begins from 6th January 1842.  The  First Anglo-Afghan War  (1838-42) was fought between the British East India Company (EIC) and, the Emirate of Afghanistan.  The war caused the greatest misfortune that ever befell the British army and dealt a severe blow to their prestige in India. The conflict came to such a pass that British were left with no choice but to evacuate Afghanistan. On 6 January 1842, the retreat of the British troops and camp-followers, 16,500 men in all, began from Kabul.  Of them only one, the British doctor Dr. Brydon, reached Jalalabad to tell the painful story of the destruction of the rest due to the attacks by the rebellious Afghans. Consequently the invincibility of the British Empire was shattered. 1885 - Death of Hindi poet, writer, and playwright Bharatendu Harishchandra (9 September 1850 – 6 January 1885) on 6th January, 1885...

Mausoleum of 6th Mughal emperor Aurangzeb’s wife Dilras Banu Begum / image Credit   1592- The fifth Mughal emperor Shah Jahan was born on January 5, 1592 , in Lahore. He ruled from 1628 to 1658). 1659 - The Battle of Khajwa ( Khajuha in the Fatehpur district of Uttar Pradesh) was fought on January 5, 1659, between the newly crowned Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb (son of Shah Jahan) and his brother Shah Shuja who had declared himself Mughal Emperor in Bengal. In 1658 , Shah Jahan was made prisoner by his son Aurangzeb who came out victorious in the terrible war of succession that took place among the sons of Shah Jahan. The war for succession continued till 1661 and in between 1658 and 1661 all the remaining sons were killed or executed. 

1316 - Death of  second Khilji Sultan Alauddin Khilji on 4 January 1316.  Alauddin Khilji is buried in a tomb located within the Qutb Minar complex in Mehrauli in Delhi. 1931 - Death of Muhammad Ali Jauhar Khan (10 December 1878 – 4 January 1931), one of the founders of All-India Muslim League and a leading figure of the Khilafat Movement. Muhammad Ali Jauhar was poet and journalist. He had started an English newspaper called “The Comrade”.  1948 - Myanmar, formerly known as Burma, gained independence from Britain on 4 January 1948 after more than 60 years of colonial rule. 

1653 - By the Coonan Cross Oath (Koonan Kurishu Sathyam), the Eastern Church in India cuts itself off from colonial Portuguese tutelage in both ecclesiastical and secular matters. Coonan Cross Oath (Koonan Kurishu Sathyam) refers to a public oath taken on 3 January by the Malabar Christian community in 1653 that they would not submit to the authority of the Jesuits and the Latin Catholic hierarchy.  1730 : Rani Velu Nachiyar (3rd Jan 1730 – 25th Dec 1796), first queen to fight against the British colonial power, was born in 1730 AD to the King Sellamuthu Sethupathy and to Rani Sakandhimuthal of Ramnad Kingdom. 1831 - Savitribai Phule, Indian poet, educator, activist, reformer and educationist was born on January 3, 1831 in Naigaon in a lowly Mali family in Maharashtra.